艾滋病谣言的社会渊源：道德恐慌与信任危机

Social Origins of AIDS Rumors:Moral Panic and Trust Crisis

2001—2005年间,中国几个大城市都流传过艾滋针刺的谣言,造成一定的社会恐慌,这一恐慌带有明显的“集体道德恐慌”色彩,部分新闻媒体持有所谓艾滋病患者一定会报复社会的观点,在公共舆论中营造了一种敌视艾滋病感染者的声音,这是形成公众轻率相信艾滋针刺谣言的关键因素之一。这些谣言所导致恐慌的社会渊源也可以追溯到文革之后中国进入转型社会之际特有的人际信任不稳定状态,即“信任危机”。

From 2001 to 2005, the rumors of AIDS acupuncture spread in several big cities in China and brought in social panic in a certain degree. This panic got an obvious character of ＂collective moral panic＂. Some media held the opinion that AIDS patients would definitely attack the society in revenge. They made a hostile attitude towards AIDS patients in the public opinion. This became one of the key factors that made the public rashly believe in the rumors of AIDS acupuncture. The origins of this panic can be traced back to the unstable status of social trust when China entered into the transformation period after Cultural Revolution, that is, ＂trust crisis＂.