益气活血复方对自发性高血压大鼠左室肥厚及左室心肌细胞凋亡的影响

Effects of Yiqihuoxue Decoction on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and the Cardiac Myocyte Apoptosis in Left Ventricle of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

目的探讨益气活血复方对自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rats,SHR)左室肥厚(left ventricu lar hy-pertrophy,LVH)及左室心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法雄性14周龄SHR 50只,随机分为复方高剂量组(SHR-Y1)、复方中剂量组(SHR-Y2)、复方低剂量组(SHR-Y3)、模型对照组(SHR-C)、硝苯地平组(SHR-X)。监测尾动脉收缩压(systolicb lood pressure,SBP),每4周1次,8周后取材。测算心脏重量指数(heartwe ight index,HW I)、左室质量指数(left ventricu-larm ass index,LVM I);末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记(term inal deoxynuc leotidyl transferase m ed iateddUTP n ick end labeling,TUNEL)法结合图像分析、透射电子显微镜(transm ission electron m icroscope,TEM)技术检测左室心肌细胞凋亡。结果(1)与SHR-C组比较,灌胃4周、8周后,各治疗组SBP显著降低(P<0.01);(2)与SHR-C组比较,灌胃8周后,SHR-Y1、SHR-Y2及SHR-X组HW I、LVM I、心肌细胞凋亡指数(card iac myocyte apoptosis index,CMAI)均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);(3)TEM观察发现:SHR-C组可见部分心肌细胞核核膜皱缩,核染色质凝聚、趋边,偶见核固缩,部分心肌细胞线粒体明显肿胀。与SHR-C组比较,SHR-Y1组上述病变明显减轻;SHR-Y2、SHR-X组病变有所改善;SHR-Y3组病变改善不明显。结论益气活血复方、硝苯地平均可降低SBP、抑制左室心肌细胞凋亡而防治、逆转LVH。

Objective To explore the effects of Yiqihuoxue decoction on left ventricular hypertrophy and the cardiac myocyte apoptosis in left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Methods Fifty fourteen-week-old male SHRs were divided randomly into 5 groups ： SHR-Y1 （ treated with high dose of Yiqihuoxue decoction） , SHR-Y2（ treated with moderate dose of Yiqihuoxue decoction） , SHR-Y3 （treated with low dose of Yiqihuoxue decoction）, SHR-C （untreated） , and HR-X（ treated with Nifedipine）. The systolic blood pressure（SBP） was measured before treatment and during treatment every four weeks. After 8 weeks＇ treatment, all rats were killed. Heart weight index（HWI） , left ventricular mass index（LVMI） were calculated. Combined with automatic imaging analysis technology and transmission electron microscope（TEM） , cardiac myocytes＇apoptosis in left ventricle was detected by using in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling（TUNEL） staining. Results （ 1 ） After 4 or 8 weeks＇treatment, compared each treatment group with SHR-C, the SBP decreased significantly（P 〈0.01 ）. （2） After 8 weeks＇treatment, compared SHR-Y1, SHR-Y2 and SHR-X with SHR-C respectively, HWI, LVMI and CMAI decreased significantly（P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. （3） The results under TEM were： In some left ventricular tissues obtained from SHR-C group, nuclear membrane shrank and nuclear chromatin condensed and congregated under nuclear membrane like speckle, abutting against the nuclear envelope ; We observed pyknosis by chance. Mitochondria of some myocardial cells were markedly swollen with some disorganized or disrupted mitochondrial cristae which displayed like uneven vacuole. Compared with SHR-C, the above-mentioned pathological changes of SHR-Y1 were less obvious; the pathological changes ameliorated slightly in SHR-Y2 and SHR-X; but there was no significant improvement in SHR-Y3. Conclusion Yiqihuoxue decoction and Nifedipine could prevent and reverse LVH by means of reducing the SBP and inhibiting the cardiac myocytes＇apoptosis in left ventricle.