中学生的人格五因素、感知的社会支持与自尊的关系

The Relationship between Personality,Perceived Social Support and Self-esteem of High School Students

以北京和西安1432名初一、初二、高一、高二的中学生为对象,采用小五人格学生问卷、社会关系网络问卷、Rosenberg整体自尊量表,综合探讨中学生的人格五因素、感知的社会支持与自尊的关系。结果发现:(1)人格五因素中的情绪性、开放性,感知的社会支持中的社会性支持、冲突惩罚、满意度对中学生的自尊具有显著预测作用;(2)在人格与社会支持对中学生自尊的联合作用中,人格的作用更为显著,因而是主要的;(3)中学生的人格特征会直接影响自尊,也会影响感知的社会支持,从而间接影响自尊;(4)对男生和女生的自尊产生影响的人格特点和感知的社会支持特点不同。本研究对于促进中学生自尊和心理健康水平的教育实践具有理论指导意义。

To explore the relationship between personality, perceived social support and self-esteem in high school students, 1432 high school students of grade one and grade two in junior and senior high schools at Beijing and Xi＇an completed the five-factor personality inventory, social network questionnaires and Rosenberg whole self-esteem scale. The results are as follows. （ 1） Emotion stability, openness of personality and social support, conflict and punishment, and satisfaction have significant predictive effect on self-esteem. （ 2 ） Among the influence of personality and social support on selfesteem in high school students, personality has more important effect. （3 ） Personality has direct effect on esteem, and it may also influence perceived social support and indirect influenced esteem. （4） Personality and perceived social support have different influences on self-esteem between boys and girls. These findings would have important enlightenment on educational practice of promoting self-esteem and mental healthy of high school students.