肥料不同施用方式对水稻早衰的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizing Ways on Rice Premature Senility

以“丰优丝苗”为试验材料,在总施氮量(180kg/hm2)、总施钾量(180kg/hm2)相同的情况下,研究了肥料不同施用方式对水稻早衰的影响。结果表明:降低基、蘖肥的氮钾肥用量,增加穗、粒肥用量,可以延缓水稻的衰老,增加水稻的有效穗数、结实率和千粒重,提高水稻的产量。当基、蘖、穗、粒肥比例为6∶1∶2∶1时,后期叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力、剑叶SOD活性较肥料一次性基施有不同程度的提高,而剑叶电导率却降低,延缓了水稻衰老,增产9.2%,达极显著差异水平。同时,后期喷施叶面肥也有利于延缓水稻衰老。

＂Fengyousimiao＂ is used as the testing material to study the effects of different fertilizing ways on rice premature senility under the condition of applying the same amount of nitrogen（ 180 kg/hm2） and kalium（ 180 kg/hm2）. The results show that the rice premature senility can be effectively delayed, and effective spikes, seed setting rate, kilo - grain weight and the yield are significantly increased when the amount of basal fertilizer and tillering fertilizer is reduced while the amount of earing fertilizer and grain fertilizer is increased. When the proportion of basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, earing fertilizer and grain fertilizer is 6 ： 1 ： 2 ： 1, the chlorophyll content in leaves, the activity of roots and the activity of SOD at later stage compared with the disposable basal fertilizing improve to various extent. Meanwhile, the electrical conductivity in flag leaf falls down to delay the rice premature senility and increase the rice yield by 9.2%.