军队士兵健康人格与适应能力的研究

Soldgers' Mental Health and Adaptation Ability.

目的了解军队士兵的心理健康和适应能力以及影响因素,为部队开展心理健康和心理适应训练提供客观依据。方法采用明尼苏达多项人格量表(MMPI)和心理适应量表(MAS)对181名军人进行心理测评。结果1在轻躁狂项男兵显著高于女兵(P<0.05);独生子女显著高于非独生子女(P<0.01);2初、高中在抑郁和社会内向上显著高于大专以上(P<0.05,P<0.01);3各级衔士兵适应能力达到一般以上的人数比例,士官1期最低(20.45%),其次为义务兵(31.71%),士官2期(46.34%),军官最高(57.14%);4健康人格与适应能力存在相关(r=-0.550,P<0.001)。结论1绝大部分士兵(97.73%)健康人格为正常,但67.66%士兵的适应能力偏低;2影响士兵心理健康的主要因素是适应能力,级衔和文化水平。

Objective To investage soldiers＇ mental health and adaptation ability, and army environment and related factors of influenced their ones. It provides experimental evidences to carry out mental health and adaptation exercises in the troops, Methods 181 army men were tested by MMPI and Adaptation Scale. Results （1） servicemen＇s and the only child soldiers＇ MA score significantly are higher than servicewomen＇s and the non-only child ones＇ （P〈0.0,5, P〈0. 01）; （2） D and SI scores of the soldiers with junior or senior middle school educational level are significantly higher than both scores of the officers with college educational level; （3） there exists different for the proportion of soldiers with different military ranks to reach good and more than good adaptation status, The proportion of the first class NCOs is the lowest （20.45 %）, servicemen are second （31.71%）, the second class NCOs are third （46.34%）, and officers are the highest （57.14%） among all of army men; （4） mental health has correlation with adaptation （r=-0. 550, P〈0. 001）. Conclusion （1） most of soldiers （97.73% ） are in good mental health, but adaptation to army environment of more half of them （67.66 % ） is lower; （2） the main factors to influence mental health of soldiers included mental adaptation, military rank and educational level.