工科院校学生心理压力现状及应对策略的研究

Study on Engineering College Students' Mental Stress Status and its Coping Strategies

目的研究工科院校学生的心理压力现状及应对策略。方法采用自编的《大学生心理压力调查问卷》对常州和上海两地952名工科院校学生进行测查。结果1学生有3类心理压力认知,5种压力反应。2大学生主要的压力源有4类,即学业压力、就业压力、人际压力、情感压力。3学生有6大心理压力应对策略,他们在应对压力时对学校、老师及身边的同学也提出了相应的要求。4不同年级不同性别的学生在心理压力事件上表现出明显的差异,学业压力、人际压力、情感压力、经济生活压力随年级增高有下降的总体趋势,而就业压力先随年级的增高而逐渐上升,到了四年级反而呈现下降的趋势。女生的学业压力、人际压力、经济生活压力高于男生,而男生的情感压力、家庭压力高于女生。结论工科院校学生心理压力现状不容乐观,学校应根据不同年级不同性别学生的主要发展课题采取相应的教育干预措施。

Objective To study the situation of engineering college students＇ mental stress and its coping strategies. Methods 952 engineering college students from Changzhou and Shanghai were tested by myself-made questionnaires. Results ① There are three kinds of perception of mental stress and five types of stress reactions. ②There are four main sources of mental stress, i.e. school work, getting a job, communication with others and feelings. ③College students have six sorts of coping strategies, and they hope teachers and friends together with them to deal with all sorts of problems they met in school lives. ④For the students who are in different grades, there are significant differences between males and females. Conclusion It＇s not optimistic about the situation of engineering college students＇ mental stress, so it＇s important for schools to make optimal educational policy according to different groups＇ major developmental tasks.