对虾池塘养殖生态系的研究进展

Review: Study on the Ecosystem of Shrimp Pond-culture

了解养殖生态系统结构和功能对指导健康养殖至关重要。本文概述了对虾池塘养殖生态系统的基础研究和应用研究现状及存在问题,并从生态学角度阐述了对虾养殖生态系统的特点,提出对虾养殖生态系统的建立和维持要以去除过剩的营养盐为目标,注重进行物流和能流畅通的立体养殖体系和多池循环的综合养殖体系的定量研究与模拟,以实现对虾养殖的可持续发展。

To run a healthy mariculture successfully, it is important to understand the structure and the function of the ecosystem. The present review describes the main current basic researches and practical researches on ecosystem of shrimp pond-culture. It also illuminates the characteristics of the ecosystem of shrimp pond-culture using the ecological principles. In order to maintain a stable ecosystem of pond-culture, the excess nutrients in culture pond should be recycling efficiently and the flow of matter and energy should not be blocked. Therefore, further quantitative research and modeling should be giving polyculture schemes and integrated mariculture system which can drastically reduce feed use and environmental impact of industrialized marlculture and at the same time add to its income.