摘要
科学解释的方法、特点、标准和评价等问题是科学哲学的重要内容之一。20世纪对科学解释问题的研究主要经历了两个阶段、形成了两种科学解释理论。一是逻辑实证主义架构的逻辑-语义型科学解释理论,二是以范.弗拉森为代表的文化-语用型科学解释理论。前者因局限于逻辑和语义的刚性界域而限制了科学解释的具体性和丰富性;后者则以语用和文化的无界域流变模糊了科学解释在次语言基底上的独特性和范导性。语境-意向性理论作为科学哲学重建的可选择取向,则给出了解决科学解释问题的新的思想基底和方法论工具。其根本特点在于,它既以语境这个相对稳定的基底和框架克服了语用论解释的无限制流动性,同时又以心理意向克服了传统逻辑型解释模式那种外在主义的强硬刚性,从而使科学解释得以在主体的语言实践世界中现实地展开和完成。
One of important theses is the methods, features, standards, and evaluation of scientific explanation. In contemporary philosophy of science, there are two models of scientific explanation. One is the logic-semantics model, and the other is the culture-pragmatics model. The former can not represent the rich basis, and the latter can not represent the peculiarity of scientific explanation. We think that contextual-intentionality theory can give a new theoretical basis and methodological means for the problem of scientific explanation. As the model of scientific explanation, contextual-intentionality theory can not only avoid the arbitrariness of pragmatics model by ＂context frame＂, but also overcome various of difficulties of logic model by ＂subjective intention＂.
出处
《科学学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第4期497-502,共6页
Studies in Science of Science
基金
教育部2004年哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(04JZD0004)
