氢及类氢离子光谱精细结构理论计算的改进

The theoretical improving formula for spectrum fine splitting in hydrogen and hydrogen-like ions

原子光谱数据是研究原子结构的重要参数,氢及类氢离子是原子物理和量子力学研究的理想体系.通过对氢及类氢离子光谱精细结构数据的研究发现,需要对Dirac提出的有关理论公式进行改进.本文在考虑了电子的自旋角动量与轨道角动量的耦合作用后,通过对Bohr理论中的电子运动角动量的修改,推导出单电子体系的电子速度公式,结合对Schr dinger的原子轨道能级表达式相对论效应修正,从而得出本文的氢及类氢离子光谱精细结构值的理论计算公式,应用此改进公式,所得的计算值与实验观测值符合得很好,计算结果也反映了氢及类氢离子光谱精细结构数据变化的规律性.

Atomic spectrum data are important parameters to research atomic structure, hydrogen and hydrogen-like ions are idea system to study atomic physics and quantum mechanics. Studying on spectrum fine splitting values of hydrogen and hydrogen-like ions, the Dime＇s theoretical formula of ones must be improved. In this paper, after taking over coupling effect between electronic spin and orbital angular momentum, to revise the formula of electronic angular momentum in Bohr＇s theory, and electronic speed formula is obtained in a single-electron system, and to correct the energy level formula of atomic orbit in Schr？ dinger＇s method by relativistic effect, the theoretical improving formula is built for spectrum fine splitting calculation, the calculated values are in good agreement with experimental ones, and reflect changing law of spectrum fine splitting values.