脂肪栓塞综合征早期诊断方法

A New Method for Early Diagnosis of the Fat Embolism Syndrome

目的：探讨亚临床期脂肪栓塞的特点及诊断方法。方法：采用同种异体犬长骨骨髓脂肪静脉注射，建立实验模型。１４只健康杂种犬注射液体脂肪（０．７ｍｌ／ｋｇ）后，均发生脂肪栓塞综合征。结果：提出亚临床期脂肪栓塞综合征早期诊断新方法：从肺微血管血和周围静脉血中获取血凝块进行快速冰冻切片，经油红“Ｏ”染色后，镜检脂滴。经计算机图像分析证实，肺微血管中脂滴的数量和直径均明显高于周围静脉血。结论：本法具有较高的特异性和敏感性。结合动脉血氧分压下降，可作出亚临床期脂肪栓塞的早期诊断。

Aim: The purpose of the experimental study is to find out the character and diagnostic methods of fat embolism in a subclinical stage. Methods: an experimental animal model has been established by intravenous fat injection. The fat was obtained from long bone marrow of homologous dogs. Fourteen healthy mongrel dogs accepted 0.7ml/kg fluid marrow fat. A fat embolism syndrome happened on all of the dogs. Results: The blood clots which were obtained from the pulmonary microvascular blood and peripheral vein were frozened and sectioned rapidly, then stained with oil red 'O' method. The result was positive. On computer imagine analysis, it was confirmed that the number and diameter of the fat droplets in the pulmonary microvascular blood were obvious higher than those in peripheral vein. Conclusion: The technique, being highly specific and sensitive, combining the descent of the arteriral oxygen tension, is of the critial value in the early diagnosis to fat embolism in the subclinical stage.