从拖雷、贵由和阿里不哥的死因论大蒙古国的分裂

The Death of Tolui, Guyuk and Arik-Boke: An approach to the Disorganization of the Mongol Empire

本文从探讨拖雷、贵由及阿里不哥三个关键性人物的死因入手,论述大蒙古国由统一到分裂的历史过程。关于此三人的死因,史书记载较为隐晦,颇有疑点。本文通过对相关史料的比较、分析与推论,认为他们的死亡都是蒙古皇族内部斗争的结果。围绕着大汗权位,蒙古皇族成员展开激烈的角逐,内讧不断。大蒙古国所以难以持久,最终分崩离析,这是一个重要的原因。

This paper discusses the historic process of disorganization of the Mongol Empire from the death of three key figures, Tolui (拖雷), Guyuk (贵由) and Ari-Boke (阿里不哥). The historical accounts of the death of the three people are quite veiledand leaves some doubts. This paper, through analyzing and comparing historical literature as well as deduction, concludes that the death of the threeall resulted from the internal struggle of the Mongol imperial clan. Membersof the Mongol imperialclan struggled drasticallyand continuouslyfor the Khanate, and this is an important cause of the final disorganization of the Mongol Empire.