论新中国社会主义经典电影体系

The Classic Socialism Cinema System in New China

1949年,中国共产党建立了“新中国”。这种新,不仅意味着新的执政党、新的国家政体,对于民众来说也意味着新的生活、新的世界、新的理想。新中国电影与过去几十年不同,在体制上,从私营为主体转化成为了完全的国营;在性质上,从娱乐、教化、启蒙等多种功能的混合转向了以政治功能为主体;在传播上,从以城市市民为主要对象的流行文化转变为面向以“无产阶级”和“劳动人民”为主体的政治文化。新中国电影就是在中国共产党领导下的社会主义电影,它是中国社会主义革命和建设的重要组成部分。新中国电影承担着代表中国共产党的政治立场,重新书写中国历史乃至人类历史、阐释中国社会走向、完成中国大众对自己的身份认同、建构主流意识形态权威性的使命。新中国电影在1959年和1962年前后创造了两个高潮,诞生了一批经典社会主义电影,形成了独特的电影意识形态和电影修辞系统。

In 1949, the Communist Party of China built up ＂new China＂. The newness meant not only a new ruling party, a new polity, but also a new life, a new word and a new ideal for the populace. The cinema of new China was quite different from what it was in the past few decades. There were certain transferences： at the institutional stratum, from that as the private enterprise to that as the staterun ones; at the functional stratum, from that of such diverse uses as entertainment, education and enlightenment to that primarily of political service; at the disseminative stratum, from that as a popular culture for the urban masses to that as a political culture for primarily the ＂proletariat＂ and the ＂laboring people＂. The cinema of new China was the socialist cinema under the leadership of the CCP, as a major part of the socialist revolution and construction of China. The cinema of new China took the political stand of the CCP. It undertook the task of rewriting the Chinese history or even the history of the human race, the task of interpreting the orientations of the Chinese society, the task of completing the identification of the authority in the field of ideology. The cinema of new China created two high tides after 1959 and 1962 year ago, bearing a batch of classics socialism movie, presenting the special movie ideology and movie rhetoric systems.