中国人类发展的地区差距和不协调——历史视角下的“一个中国,四个世界”

Regional Disparities of China’s Human Development:A Historical Perspective of “One China,Four Worlds”

本文采用聚类分析方法对各省市的人类发展水平分别进行了单维度及多维度的分类，进一步完善了早期根据世界银行收入组分类标准所做出的“一个中国，四个世界”的分类。随后，本文分别描述和比较了“四个世界”的特征，并从历史的视角深入透视了各个“世界”的历史演进和发展的不协调。研究发现，地区发展差距越来越多地体现为经济发展差距。缩小地区发展差距和实现经济社会的协调发展，关键在于进一步推动落后地区的经济发展，更多地强调政府在落后地区的公共服务职能。

This study adopts Cluster Analysis to classify Chinese provinces into different groups by both single-dimension and multiple-dimension criteria. The results improve upon the earlier classification of ＂one China, four worlds＂ proposed by early literature. This paper describes the features of each world and makes comparisons across different worlds from historical perspective. Also found is that the overall regional disparities have been increasingly linked to regional economic disparities. The key to eliminating regional disparities in humandevelopment is to further promote balanced economic development and emphasizing more on the role of government in providing public goods in underdeveloped regions.