小鼠缺血性心力衰竭模型的建立及超声评价

The generation of mouse models of ischemic heart failure and echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular dimension and function

目的:探讨国产昆明白化(KM)小鼠缺血性心力衰竭模型的建立及无创经胸超声方法评价心力衰竭和心室重构的可行性。方法:100只雄性KM小鼠随机分为心力衰竭组和对照组,心力衰竭组80只采用开胸手术结扎左冠状动脉建立急性心肌梗死模型,对照组为同期开胸假手术组,除不结扎冠状动脉外,余同心力衰竭组。采用15 MHz高频超声分别于术后1、2和4周行经胸检查,比较2组各器官重量、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室短轴缩短率(FS)、Aws、Awd、Pws、Pwd、HR和梗塞面积比(IS)。结果:(1)心力衰竭组手术成功率为91.2%(73/80),4周存活率为82.2%(60/73)。(2)心力衰竭组术后1、2和4周LVESD、LVEDD较术前及对照组明显增加(P均<0.05),左心室内径于2周时增加最为明显,4周时保持稳定;FS于术后2周较术前及对照组显著降低(P均<0.05);Aws术后4周较术前及对照组显著减小(P均<0.05);(3)心力衰竭组术后4周体重较对照组明显降低,心脏、左心室及心房的重量较对照组显著增加,肝脏重量较对照组显著减轻(P均<0.05)。结论:国产远交系KM小鼠缺血性心力衰竭模型与近交系小鼠实验结果接近,采用无创经胸超声的方法评价心力衰竭和心室重构切实可行,可模拟临床缺血性心力衰竭。

Objective. To generate age of echocardiography in KM mouse models of ischemic heart failure by using KM mice and test the usmice with induced myocardial infarct（MI）. Methods： One hundred KM mice were undergone open-chest surgery to induce left coronary artery occlusion （n =80） or sham-operation （SH, n =20）. Echocardiography was performed before and 1, 2, 4 weeks after surgery, LVESD, LVEDD, FS, Aws, Awd, Pws, Pwd, HR and the specimen of hearts were examined morphologically. Results： （1） Successful rate after the frist 24 hours after left coronary artery occlusion was 91.2% （73/ 80）, Survival rate after 4 weeks after operation was 82.2%（60/73）. （2） In surviving MI mice, there were progressive increases in LVEDd , LVESd, EXLVDD and decline in FS and Aws during the 4 week period （P all〈0.05）, compared with before surgery and SH mice. There were signifcient LV dilatation and fall in FS at week 2. （3） The weight of mice body and liver decreased and the weight of heart, left ventricle, atrium increased comparing with SH mice. Conclusions： Our findings provide a baseline description of this KM murine ischemic heart failure model and confirm echocardiography as a reliable means to serially assess changes of cardiac structure and function after MI.