重庆市某高校学生艾滋病防治知识态度、行为和需求调查

Knowledge,Attitude,Behavior and Needs about AIDS among College Students in Chongqing

目的了解大学生艾滋病防治知识认知水平、相关态度、行为和需求,为制定宣传干预计划提供客观的指导意见。方法对重庆市某高校在校一、二、三年级的学生进行自填表式问卷调查,所有数据经SPSS12.0进行统计分析。结果共调查916名大学生,其中男生占34.0%;他们对艾滋病的三个传播途径的知晓率都在80.0%以上,对于艾滋病的非传播途径除了经蚊虫叮咬传播外,其余的知晓率都在85.0%以上;他们对艾滋病的预防知识知晓率较低,仅约有50.0%的学生知晓每次性交使用安全套和不共用针具吸毒可预防艾滋病;他们对艾滋病的相关态度积极,80.0%的学生回答愿意关心帮助HIV感染者和病人;获取艾滋病防治知识的主要途径是电视、报刊杂志和宣传资料;53人(5.8%)有性行为史,8人有商业性行为,2人有同性性行为;安全套使用率低。不用安全套的原因是不愿使用和认为没有必要,其中多数学生建议加强艾滋病宣传,将艾滋病防治知识和性健康的教育纳入教学中,提倡使用安全套。结论大学生对艾滋病传播途径的认知水平较高,只是对艾滋病的预防知识知晓率低,发生性行为时安全套使用率低,因此应加强学校的艾滋病防治知识宣传教育工作,开展多种形式的宣传并将艾滋病防治知识的教育纳入教学计划中,提高学生的保护意识,减少高危行为的发生,有效遏制艾滋病在青少年中的流行和蔓延。

Objective To understand the status of knowledge, attitude, behavior and needs about AIDS among college students and provide a scientific evidence for working out strategy for health education and intervention targeting at this population. Methods A structured quest ionnaire was administrated amoy college students from Grade one to three.All data were analyzed by software SPSS12.0. Results A total of 916 students were investigated, of which 311 werebeys, accounting for 34.0% , which 605 were girls, aconuating for 66.1%.80.0% of them knew three transmission routes of HIV.27.7% of them believed that mosquito bite can transmit HIV, the rate of recognition about other non - transmission routes was over 85.0%. But they had poor recognition about preventive methods of AIDS.About 50.0% of them knew that condom use and non- needle sharing during drug uses could prevent HIV.80.0% of them responded they would like to help and care people living with HIV/AIDS. The major routes of acquiring the know - ledge about HIV/AIDS were thangh TV, Journals, newspaper and IEC materials.Of 916 students, 53 （5.8%） had ever sex in the past.The rate of condom use was very low. The reasons of non condom use were unwillingness and thought it urmccessary to use condom for sex.Eight students had commercial sex and two students had homosexual behavior.Most of them snggested that the authority of college should strengthen health education about HIV/AIDS and arrange the especial course of HIV/AIDS and sexual health in the curriculum and promote condom use. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen health education about HIV/AIDS, arrange the especial course in the curriculum and conduct various activities of HIV/AIDS publicity, and improve the awareness of AIDS and reduce risk behavior in order to curb AIDS epidemic among the youth.