西安市南郊马腾空唐墓发掘简报

Brief Report on Excavation of Tang Dynasty Tomb in Matengkong,Xian

2001年4月至10月间,我们在西安市南郊马腾空清理了15座唐代墓葬。所有墓葬皆为南北向,单室墓室,墓道在南,墓室居北。墓葬形制可分为A、B、C三型。可以看清的几例葬具、葬式皆为单棺单人,仰身直肢。随葬品以陶俑最为丰富,计有镇墓俑、男俑、女俑、动物俑等,其中男俑、女俑的中的半身俑时代特征明显,女俑的发式新颖奇特,造型生动,在隋唐考古中较为少见。加之又出土了四盒墓志,具有明确的纪年,可以作为判断其年代的标形器。这批墓葬的发掘为关中地区唐墓谱系的建立增加了新资料,同时对其它地区唐墓的研究也有借鉴作用。

15 Tang dynasty tombs were excavated in Matengkong southern outskirt of Xian city between April and October in 2001. They are all single chambered tomb in north-south direction with passage in the south and chambers in the north. They are classified into 3 types. The tombs are single extended suprine position burial. The sacrificial objects are mainly pottery figurines, including tomb guardians, male figurines, female figurines and pottery animals. Half body figurines carry obvious feature, the hairstyle of female figurine is unique. Those figurines are lively and rare in Sui and Tang dynasty. Four boxes of epitaph with chronological record is valuable for dating object. The excavation provides new materials for study of the Tang dynasty tomb.