青岛文昌鱼精子运动特征及计算机辅助分析

Motility characteristics of the sperm of the amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauensis as revealed by computer-assisted sperm analysis

青岛文昌鱼的精子在精浆中不运动,在与精浆等渗的生理溶液中也不运动,把精液稀释到过滤海水或人工海水后,精子运动被激活。文昌鱼新鲜精液中精子浓度为(9.4±1.6)×1010/ml;在人工海水中,运动精子占总精子数的85.8%±6.9%,精子运动持续的平均时间是22.7±2.6min。文昌鱼精子经人工海水激活0.5min后,可观察到四种运动方式:(1)向前直线运动,其平均速度93.6±23.7μm/s,这类精子所占的百分比为27.8%±3.1%;(2)弧形曲线运动,平均速度55.6±18.9μm/s,所占的百分比为44.3%±2.5%;(3)左右摆动,平均前进速度27.4±13.4μm/s,所占百分比为14.7%±1.8%;(4)运动速度小于5μm/s的精子,视为不运动的精子,所占百分比为13.2%±1.8%。随着激活时间的延长,文昌鱼精子的运动状态发生改变,向前直线运动和弧形曲线运动的精子逐渐减少,而左右摆动和不运动的精子逐渐增多。

The spermatozoa of amphioxus are quiescent in semen plasma in or outside of the reproductive organ and also remain immotile in fish physiological solution （FPS） isotonic to the seminal plasma. However, they became motile when filtered seawater （FSW） or artificial seawater （ASW） was added to the semen, and the percentage of motile sperm in ASW was 85.8 % ± 6.9 %, and the mean duration of sperm motility was 22.7 ± 2.6 min. Motility begins at about 0.5 min after seawater was added. The movement of amphioxus spermatozoa was classed into four modes： forward movement, circular or curved movement, swaying movement and non-movement. The mean velocities of forward, circular and swaying movements of the spermatozoa were 93.6 ± 23.7 μm/s, 55.6 ± 18.9 μm/s and 27.4 ± 13.4 μm/s, respectively. The sperm were regarded as immotile when their moving velocity was less than 5 μm/s. The percentages of sperm showing forward, circular, swaying and no movements 0.5 min after activation by ASW were 27.8 % ± 3.1%, 44.3 % ±2.5%, 14.7% ± 1.8% and 13.2% ± 1.8%, respectively. The number of sperm showing forward and circular movements decreased with time, while the number of sperm showing swaying and immotile movements increased [Acta Zoologica Sinica 52 （4） ： 706 - 711, 2006].