烟台市成年人体质量指数抽样调查

Sampling survey of body mass index in Yantai adults

目的:分析成年人体质量指数指标与体质的关系。方法:于2004-09/2005-01,在烟台市APE休闲广场抽取成年人997人,男644人,年龄20～59岁;女353人,年龄20～54岁。研究对象年龄分段依据《中国成年人体质测定标准》。使用体能测试系统采集身高、体质量及其他身体功能和身体素质指标数据,各指标的测量方法参照体育学院通用教材《体育测量评价》。亚洲成年人体质量指数分类新标准:体质量指数<18.5kg/m2为体质量偏低,体质量指数18.5～22.9kg/m2为正常体质量,体质量指数23～24.9kg/m2为超重,体质量指数25～29.9kg/m2为I度肥胖(中度),体质量指数≥30kg/m2为Ⅱ度肥胖(重度)。参考此标准合并I度肥胖和Ⅱ度肥胖(即体质量指数≥25kg/m2为肥胖)进行统计分析。计算各组体质量指数均值的变化规律。结果:纳入成年人997人,均进入结果分析。①成年人体质量指数男性平均为23.7kg/m2,女性平均为21.8kg/m2,两者比较差异显著。各年龄段男女之间比较,除50～54岁差异无显著性外,其余各年龄段男性体质量指数均大于女性,但到35岁以后,这种差距明显缩小。②体质量偏低和正常两类人群在各年龄段中所占的比例基本上随年龄段的增加呈逐步下降趋势,而超重和肥胖两类人群在各年龄段中所占比例基本上随年龄段的增加呈逐步上升趋势。③女性体质量偏低和体质量正常的比例都远高于男性,而超重和肥胖的比例则明显低于男性,尤其是女性肥胖者的比例比男性低19.4%。④在相关性显著的所有指标中,血压与体质量指数存在较大的正相关性。结论:①烟台市成年人体质量指数均值男性高于女性,男女均随年龄增长基本是逐步上升趋势。②烟台市成年人中有接近一半的人体质量超标。③体质量指数对大部分身体功能和体质指标均有显著性相关;体质量超标对某些相关体质产生一定的负面影响,因此有必要采取相应措施防止体质量的过度增长,以改善自身的健康状况。

AIM： To analyze the relation between body mass index （BMI） and physical endowment in adults. METHODS： Totally 997 adults were selected from Yantai APE Recreation Square between September 2004 and January 2005, including 644 males aged 20-59 years and 353 females aged 20-54 years. Their age segments were divided according to the Measurement Standard of Physical Endowment in Chinese Adult. Physical fitness test system was used to collect body heights, BMI and other markers of body function and physical endowment. All the data were detected with the Measurement and Evaluation of Physical Education, which was the teaching material generally used in physical colleges. New classification of BMI in Asian adults： BMI 〈 18.5 kg/m^2 as low physical endowment; BMI was 18.5- 22.9 kg/m^2 as normal physical endowment; BMI was 23-24.9 kg/m^2 as overweight; BMI was 25-29.9 kg/m^2 as obesity （moderate） for Ⅰ degree; BMI ≥ 30 kg/m^2 as obesity （severe） for Ⅱ degree. Consulted this standard, the obesity of two degrees were combined （namely BMI ≥ 25 kg/m^2） to carry on statistical analysis. The variety regulation of BMI mean value was also assayed. RESULTS： Totally 997 adults entered the result analysis. ①BMI mean value of adults was 23.7 kg/m^2 in males and 21.8 kg/m^2 in females, with the significant difference. In addition to insignificant difference between males and females of 50-54 years old, BMI was higher in males than in females of other age segments, but the difference reduced obviously in people over 35 years old. ②The percentages of two crowdies with low and normal BMI in each age segment were basically presented to descend gradually with the increment of ages, but the percentages of other two crowdies of overweight and obesity were gradually elevated with the increment of ages. ③The amount of females was higher than that of males in the low and normal BMI, but remarkably lower than males in overweight and obesity, especially the ratio of obese females was 19.4% lower than males. ④Among the index of obvious relativity, the blood pressure was comparatively positively related with BMI. CONCLUSION： ①The mean value of BMI in adults is higher in males than in females, and increases with the age basically and gradually.② There are half adults whose BMI exceeds the standard. ③ BMI is significantly correlated with most of body functions and physical endowment sign; Owing to negative influence of excess BMI on some related physical endowments, it is necessary to adopt corresponding steps to prevent the excessive growth and improve health status,