杏树园昆虫群落的组成与结构

Community Structures and Compositions of Insects in Almond Garden

通过对庆阳市杏树园的昆虫群落定点调查,共采集昆虫73种,分属13目、47科;其中植食性种类占总种数的42.5%,天敌种类占50.7%,其余腐食或杂食占6.9%。依据杏园昆虫的营养和取食关系,可将其划分为4个营养层、7个不同的功能集团,22个类群,并依据物种对群落结构与功能的影响程度区分出了优势种和关键种。以杏树为中心形成的昆虫群落,随着杏树的季节性发育而进行着相应演替和数量的消长,关键物种对各集团的虫口数量和整个群落的数量变动起主导作用。

Systematic investigation a：.d analysis of insects in almond garden in Lijiashi horticulture field in Qingyang was carried out from March to Septmber 2004. The component structure and biodiversity of the insect community were studied according to the species, guilds and nutrient classes. The results indicated that there are 73 species of insect in the Liiiashi horticulture field of in this areas. Among this, 42.5% are pests, 50.7% are natural enemies and 6. 9% are other neutral insects. All of the insect was divided into 4 nutrient classes,7 guilds, and 22 groups, which included plant-eating groups, natural enemy groups and others. These groups directly or in directly depended on almond and made up an integrated food chain. Every natural class had its dominant species, dominant groups and guilds in the integrated pest management are analyzed. The relationship between abundance,biodiversity and key species are also analyzed. It was indicated that key species played an important role in pest control.