高速铁路振动荷载的模拟研究

Simulated Study on Vibration Load of High Speed Railway

高速铁路路基动力响应的分布和变化规律已成为研究和解决路基问题的重要方面,通过确定动荷载来研究路基的动力特性是其中的一种方法。列车荷载是一个很复杂的问题,同时涉及列车轴重、悬挂体系、行车速度、轨道组成、线路平顺等等因素。本文将在充分考虑振动荷载产生机理(车辆因素、轨下基础因素等)的基础上,对已有的列车荷载表达式进行修正和完善。修正后的表达式,既考虑了相邻轮对间轮轨力的相互叠加和轨枕的分散作用,又考虑了由于轨道不平顺所产生的振动激励及其他要素,以期为高速列车动荷载的确定和路基动力响应分析提供借鉴和参考。

The distribution and changing rules of the dynamic responses of high speed railway subgrade has become an important aspect in studying and solving subgrade problems. One of the solutions is to study the dynamic characteristics of subgrade by determining the dynamic loads. Loading of trains is a complex issue. It involves many factors such as the axle weight, suspension system, traveling speed, track structure, geometric irregularity of lines and so on. Fully considering the mechanism of vibration load generation （including factors of the vehicle system and below-track system）, the existing formula of train load is rectified and perfected. The rectified formula considers the coincide effect of wheel forces of adjacent wheel-sets and dispersed effect of sleepers, and the vibration excitation caused by geometric track irregularities and other relevant factors as well. Reference is made for determination of dynamic loads of high speed trains and dynamic responses of the railway subgrade.