广西3市尘螨种群分布初步调查

Preliminary Study of House-dust Mite Fauna in Guangxi

从广西的南宁、北海、桂林３个城市的私人住宅、集体宿舍、宾馆和医院４种场所采集了３９４份屋尘样品，并从中随机抽取９０份样品进行检查，螨类检出率为６５．５５％。桂林市平均螨密度最高，约为南宁市的２．５倍和北海市的７倍。此次发现４个目５个科的螨类。在南宁市及桂林市采集到的螨类大部分属粉螨科（Ａｃａｒｉｄａｅ），而北海市的大部分螨类属跗线螨科（Ｔａｒｓｏｎｅｍｉｄａｅ）。在本调查中发现的麦食螨科的螨类均属于尘螨属，其中，屋尘螨（Ｄｅｒｍａｔｏｐｈａｇｏｉｄｅｓｐｔｅｒｏｎｙｓｓｉｎｕｓ）在３个地方均发现，而粉尘螨（Ｄｅｒｍａｔｏｐｈａｇｏｉｄｅｓｆａｒｉｎａｅ）只在桂林市发现。医院的尘螨密度已超过产生过敏症状的临界值（１００只／ｇ）。

A total of 90 samples were randomly selected from 394 dust samples collected from 4 different types of housings: dormitory, private house, hotel and hospital in 3 different cities of Guangxi, China: Nanning, Beihai and Guilin. The prevalence rate of mite recovery was 55.56%. The mean number of mites in per gram dust was the highest in Guilin, which was about 2.5 times as many as in Nanning and around 7 times as many as in Beihai. Four orders, 5 families of mites were found in the survey. Most of mites collected in Nanning and Guilin belonged to the family Acaridae (Order Astigmata), whereas in Beihai most of them belonged to the family Tarsonemidae (Order Prostigmata). The Pyroglyphid found in the survey belonged to genus Dermatophagoides. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was found in 3 cities while Dermatophagoides farinae only in Guilin city. The number of these genus was less than 100 mites per gram (the threshold level for atopic symptoms) in private houses, dormitories and hotels but more than that in hospitals.