含硼温压型燃料的爆炸性能

Explosion Performance of Thermobaric Fuel Containing Boron

研究了超细硼粒子在温压型燃料爆炸中的能量效率,通过理论计算、实验室测试和外场实验比较了硼、镁、铝等添加剂在温压燃料中的性能。结果表明,虽然含硼燃料的能量明显高于含镁、铝燃料,但其点火和燃烧条件较为苛刻。爆炸试验时,在相同爆心距处,含硼温压燃料试样的爆炸冲击波压力与含镁、铝温压燃料试样相比没有明显优势。含硼燃料试样的爆炸火球温度较高、高温维持时间更长。为了提高燃料中硼粉的能量效率,需要提供初始高温环境和适当的氧浓度,改善硼粒子的燃烧性能。

The energy efficiency of boron powder in the explosion of thermobaric fuel was studied. Properties of the fuel containing boron powder were compared with those of fuels containing magnesium powder and aluminum powder using theoretical calculation and test in lab and measuring in field explode. The results indicate that the potential energy of the fuel containing boron powder was far higher than the fuels containing magnesium powder and aluminum powder distinctly. But the boron powder was difficult to fire and burn in the fuels. In field exploding test, the overpressure of shockwave of the fuel containing boron powder had no apparent advantage compared to the samples containing magnesium powder and aluminum powder in the same measure point. The fireball temperature of the fuel containing boron was higher, and the higher temperature fireball sustained a long time. In order to raise energy efficiency of the boron powder in fuel, it is necessary to provide initial high temperature environment and a appropriate oxygen thickness, and improve the characteristic combustibility of boron particles.