刑事违法性判断前提条件:空白罪状的现状与反思

Precondition of Judging Illegality: Reflection on Present Situation of Blank Facts about A Crime

空白罪状是成文法系国家突破以往在刑法中只规定自然犯的传统,越来越多地规定法定犯的必然结果。作为刑事违法判断前提条件,空白罪状对罪与非罪的界定具有重要的作用。我国新刑法创空白罪状历史最高,然其空白规范位阶相差悬殊,因此有必要从罪刑法定角度关注空白罪状及其规范的位阶问题,以增强空白罪状作为“违法性判断的前提条件”的规范性和统一性。

Blank facts about a crime are the results of the written law system countries, which used to regulate natural crime only, breaking their traditions and regulating more and more legal crimes. As the precondition of judging illegality, blank facts about a crime play important roles in judging crime. Our new criminal law sets up the highest rate of blank facts about a crime, but the statuses of them are greatly different. In order to enhance the normalization and unity of the blank facts about a crime, we should consider blank facts about a crime according to the principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime.