铅的神经行为效应观察

EFFECTS OF LEAD ON NEUROBEHAVIORAL FUNCTIONS OF WORKERS

目的∶为了早期检测铅毒性提供客观依据。方法∶采用ＷＨＯＮＣＴＢ法设对照组研究了３０名铅冶练工和５３名蓄电池厂铅接触工人的效应及特征。结果∶血铅达１９．８μｇ／ｄｌ水平，即可引起机体神经行为功能改变，并呈一定剂量－效应关系。主要表现为机体易疲劳、困惑和紧张感；与对照组比，接触组的反应速度、手提转敏捷度和眼－手快速协调能力、视觉持留记忆、手部运动的稳定性及速度下降。结论∶神经行为功能测试拟为检测铅神经毒性的早期敏感指标。

The effects induced by lead on the neurobehavioral functions in workers werestudied in this paper. 30 workers in a smeltery and 53 workers in a batterystorage factory engaged in the lead operation were chosen as a high exposuregroup and a low exposure group, respectively. 33 workers not exposed to occupationallyharmful factors were chosen as a control group. all subjects were tested withWHO Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery (WHO NCTB). Meanwhile, the levels of Pb-Bof the subjects were analysed with atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The resultsshowed that the changes of the neurobehavioral functions in the exposed workerswere found when an average level of the Pb-B was about at 19.8μg/dl. There wasa definite correlation between the levels of Pb-B and some neurobehavioral effects.As compared with the control group, the exposed workers were apt to the fatigue,tension and confusion. The performances of the reaction time, manual dexterity andBenton visual retention were significantly poorer than those of the results indicatedthat the examination of the neurbehavioral functions was very useful for the earlydetection of lead neurotoxicity.