深圳市宝安区1994-2004年法定传染病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological features of notifiable infectious diseases in Baoan district,Shenzhen city (1994-2004)

目的探索深圳市宝安区主要法定报告传染病的流行趋势和流行病学特征，为制定法定传染病的防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性研究的方法对深圳市宝安区1994-2004年主要法定传染病的资料进行系统的统计分析。结果1994-2004年深圳市宝安区法定报告传染病发病率总体呈下降趋势，而死亡率呈先上升后下降的趋势，其中淋病、肺结核、肝炎、梅毒和痢疾的发病率较高。血源及性传播疾病的发病率最高，其他传染病（主要包括自然疫源性疾病及虫媒传播疾病）的发病率较低。结论1994-2004年深圳市宝安区法定报告传染病发病率总体呈逐年下降趋势，死亡率有所下降。目前防制的重点传染病为淋病、肺结核、病毒性肝炎、梅毒和痢疾。

Objective To explore the epidemiological features of notifiable infectious diseases so as to provide basis for diseases control in Baoan district, Shenzhen. Methods The data were derived from the infectious disease surveillance from 1994 to 2004; The descriptive study was applied to systematically analyze the epidemic features of notifiable infectious diseases. Results From 1994 to 2004 the incidence rates of infectious diseases had a downward tendency, while mortality rates of diseases increased after previous decrease. The incidence rates of gonorrhea, pulmonary tuberculosis, hepatitis, syphilis and dysentery were comparatively high, while the infectious diseases transmitted by way of blood and blood products and sexually transmitted diseases had the highest incidence rate. In addition, other infectious diseases （mainly natural focal disease and insect-borne infection disease） were the lowest. Conclusion The incidence rates of notifiable infectious disease dropped gradually year by year, however, the mortality rates decreased slowly. Prevention and control should be put on the infectious diseases such as gonorrhea, pulmonary tuberculosis, virus hepatitis, syphilis and dysentery at present.