老年重度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与心率变异性观察

Study on heart rate variability in elderly patients with sleep apnea syndrome

目的探讨老年睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者心率变异性特点及可能的发病机制。方法实验组为老年OSAS患者30例,对照组为无OSAS患者20例,进行多导睡眠仪(PSG)及动态心电图监测,计算夜间睡眠期间连续RR间期平均值(SDNN index)和标准差(SDNN)及24小时低频(LF)、高频(HF)和LF/HF值,定量分析心率变异性。结果老年OSAS患者SDNN和SDNN index分别为(96.0±21.9)ms、(21±7)ms,而对照组为(73.0±23.6)ms(、31±8)ms,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);老年OSAS患者的LF、HF及LF/HF值分别为(430.0±101.3)ms2、(302.0±53.6)ms2、2.81±1.52,与对照组(196.0±146.2)ms2、(87.4±70.6)ms2、2.06±0.8比较,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年OSAS患者存在心率变异性异常,并初步探讨其发病机制。

Objective To study the changes of heart rate variability （HRV） in elderly patients with sleep apnea syndrome （OSAS）. Methods Thirty OSAS patients and 20 controls were examined by polysomnography（PSG） and dynamic cardiograph （DCG）. Mean standard deviation of 5 min NN interval（SDNN index） of RR interval, standard deviation of NN interval （SDNN） ,low frequence（LF）, high frequence （HF） and their ratio （LF/HF） were calculated. Results There were significant difference in SDNN and SDNN index between elderly OSAS patients and controls, （96.0±21.9） ms vs （73.0±23.6） ms,（21±7） vs （31±8） （all P 〈0.01） and there were higher in LF,HF and LF/ HF,（430. 0±101.3） ms^2 ,（302.0±53.6） ms^2 ,2.81±1.52 vs （196.0±146.2） ms^2 ,（87.4±70.6） ms^2 ,2.06±0.8. Conclusion There is an obvious abnormality of HRV in elderly OSAS patients.