Alzheimer病患者海马中神经元退变与钙－钙调素的变化

Calcium┐CalmodulinchangesandneuronaldegenerationinthehippocampusofpatientswithAlzheimer′sdisease

为了探讨Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病患者海马神经元退变与钙－钙调素的关系，以尸检人脑海马组织为研究对象，根据患者年龄分为青年组、老年组和Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病组（前两组为对照组）。在钙ｖｏｎＫｏｓｓａ法染色后，借助显微分光光度计观察海马神经元中钙离子的变化，在荧光染色后通过显微荧光光度计了解钙调素的相对活性。结果显示与对照组比较，钙离子在老年组和Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病组中增高，尤其是在Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病组；钙调素相对活性则明显增加，且有统计学意义。老年人和Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病患者钙沉积增加，提示体内钙平衡有一定变化，钙调素相对活性增加，提示神经元退变的过程可能同时伴随钙相对调节功能的增加，钙的内环境稳定和钙调素的相对活性的变化在某种程度上，可能对Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病神经元退变起一定的作用。

Theauthorsobservedtherelationshipbetweenthecalcium-calmodulinchangesandtheneuronaldegenerationinthehippocampusofpatientswithAlzheimer′sdisease.Thehumanhip-pocmpaltissuespostmotemweredividedintothreegroups,namely,theyoung,theagedandAlzheimer′sdiseasegroups.Somehippocampaltissueswerestainedbymeansofvonkossa′sstainothersdyedwithfluorescence.Thecalciuminthehippocampalneuronswasobservedwiththehelpofmicrospectrophotometer.Thecalmodulinactivityinthehippocampalneuronswasinvestigatedwiththehelpofamicrospectrofluorometer.Theresultsdisclosedthatthedensitometricmeasure-mentoftheintensityofcalciumintheneuronsshowedanincreaseintheaged,especialyinAlzheimer′sdiseasegroupascomparedwiththecontrols.Thedensitometricmeasurementofthein-tensityofcalmodulinactivityintheneuronsrevealed′ssignificantincreaseinAlzheimer′sdiseasegroupsconparedwiththecontrols.TheauthorsconsideredthatthedepositionofcalciummightshowachangeofthecalciumhomeostasisduringtheperiodofagingandAlzheimer′sdisease.Increaseincalmodulinactivetymaydemonstratedthatincreasedcalciumrelatedfunctioncouldcoexistwiththedegenerativeprocessinsomeneurons.Insummary,itwasconsideredthatthechangesofthecalciumhomeostasisandthecalmodulinactivitymightplayaroleinawayinthehippocampalneuronaldegen-eratingprocessinAlzheimer′sdisease.Furtherstudywouldbeneededformoreexplorationandclari-fication.