丙型肝炎病毒发现过程的若干哲学思考

Certain Philosophical Deliberation on The Discovery of Hepatitis C Virus

丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）的发现不仅有力地促进了病毒性肝炎的研究，在如何应用现代科学技术探索未知病原方面也给我们以深刻的启迪。在传统的病原体分离、纯化和抗原、抗体研究均无进展的情况下，人们转而采用重组ＤＮＡ技术首先获得了ＨＣＶ核酸序列，进而得到了重组抗原并建立了免疫学诊断方法，使得丙型肝炎的研究取得了突破性进展。回顾这一过程我们认识到，逆向的思维和研究方法是ＨＣＶ研究取得突破的关键，分子生物学理论和技术的不断发展为发现ＨＣＶ提供了客观条件，实践－认识－再实践－再认识是人类认识自然的正确途径。

The discovery of hepatitis C virus(HCV)in 1989 not only promote powerfully the research on viral hepatitis worldwide, but also deeeply open and enlighten us on the exploration of unknown pathogens using up to date scientific techniques. On the condition of failure of isolation and purification of HCV and research on the specific antigen and antibody of HCV by traditional assay, scientists turned their attention to obtaining the nuclear acid sequence of HCV using recombinant DNA technique. Finally, they successfully produced recombinant antigen of HCV and established an immunodiagnostic assay, which represent an important break through in research on hepatitis C. By reviewing this process, we recognized that(1)the key point of the break through is reverse thought and research strategy;(2)the continual developement of the theory and technique of molecular biology provided the objective condition for the discovery of HCV;(3)practice, understanding, re-practice,re-understanding is a proper process for mankind to know nature.