颈动脉粥样硬化斑块及危险因素与脑梗死的关系

The Relationship between Carotid Atherosclerosis Plaque,Risk Factors and Cerebral Infarction

目的:探讨颈动脉粥样硬化斑块及其危险因素与脑梗死的关系。方法:对65例脑梗死患者(脑梗死组)及70例非脑梗死患者和正常体检者(对照组)行颈部血管超声和血液生化检查;比较两组间颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的部位、数目、性质、颈动脉内径及脑梗死危险因素的差异。结果:脑梗死组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率、左右颈总动脉内径[78.46%(、7.42±0.08)mm(、7.53±0.06)mm]与对照组[28.57%、(7.84±0.10)mm、(7.97±0.75)mm]比较差异有显著性(均P<0.05)。粥样硬化斑块位于颈总动脉最多(77.5%),其次是颈总动脉分叉处(15.0%),颈内动脉颅外段最少(7.5%)。斑块部位与脑梗死部位有显著同侧相关性(P<0.05)。脑梗死组年龄(69±8)岁和患有高血压(70.1%)、糖尿病(47.7%)、代谢综合征患者(40.0%)的比率非常明显高于对照组[(61±6)岁、41.3%、18.6%、15.7%](均P<0.01)。结论:颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死发生有密切关系,年龄、高血压、糖尿病、代谢综合征等与粥样硬化斑块形成有关,对颈动脉硬化斑块及其危险因素控制有重要临床意义。

Objective：To study the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis plaque, risk factors and cerebral infarction. Methods： Sixty-five patients with cerebral infarction and 70 patients or health people without cerebral infarction were checked by ultrasonic, simultaneously blood was measured. Compare the difference between position, quantity, quality of carotid atherosclerosis plaque, carotid inside diameter and cerebral infarction risk factors. Results： The positive ratio of carotid atherosclerosis plaque,left and right total artery inside diameter[78.46 %, （7.42±0. 08） mm, （7.53±0.06）mm]in cerebral infarction group were significantly different from that of control group[28.57%,（7.84±0. 10）mm, （7. 97±0.75）mm3（P〈0.05）. The quantity of carotid atherosclerosis plaque is the most in common carotid artery （77.5%）,the second in common carotid artery shunt （15. 0%）, the least in the cranial outside stage of internal carotid artery （7.5%）. The speckle position showed significant correlation with the cerebral infarction position in the same side（P〈0.05）. The patient age（69±8）,the ratio of patient with high blood pressure （70.1 % ）, diabetes（47.7%） ,metabolize syndrome（40.0%） in cerebral infarction group were significant higher than that of the control group[（61 ±6） years old,41. 3%, 18. 6%, 15.7%]（P〈 0.01）. Conclusion：Carotid atherosclerosis plaque is associated with cerebral infarction. Age, high blood pressure, diabetes, metabolize syndrome were associated with the formation of carotid atherosclerosis plaque, there is a very important clinical significance in the control of carotid atherosclerosis plaque and it＇s risk factors.