试论学校教育中大众文化的意义及边界

On the Significance and Boundary of Popular Culture in School Education

当前,学校教育开始有意识地主动观照并有选择地吸收部分大众文化进入学校课程体系。学校教育的这种做法,反映了教育关注日常生活,向生活世界回归的价值理念;也是社会民主化发展在教育中的体现,有利于教育创新。同时,学校教育对大众文化的观照和选择性吸收,在一定程度上也扩大了教育的资源,丰富了教育内容,也有利于教师对青少年学生的认识与价值引导。但是,大众文化的商业性和消费性将会削弱学校教育的传统价值根基,同时,大众文化的当下性和感官刺激性则容易导致学校教育丧失对人的精神世界的涵养与提升功能,而大众文化的犬儒性也不利于学校教育培养具有责任意识的现代公民人格。

Presently, school education pays attention to popular culture consciously and introduces some popular culture into school curricula selectively. This phenomenon reflects the value conception that school education concerns about the daily life and is returning to the real world; it is also an embodiment of the development of social democracy in school education and is helpful to education innovation. Meanwhile it has expanded educational resources to certain degree, enriched educational content, and benefited teach- ers in understanding students and guiding their values. However, the popular culture is commercial and consumable, which may undermine the traditional value foundation of school education; meanwhile, popu- lar culture is characterized as temporal and sense-stimulating, which is likely to result in the loosing of the function of school education in nurturing and improving student＇s spiritual world; and the cynicism of pop- ular culture is not helpful for school education to cultivate modern citizen personality with responsibility awareness.