易学与社会兴衰论——以严复译《天演论》文本解读为中心

Yijing Studies and the Theory of Social Rise and Fall——From the Perspective of Yan Fu's TIANYANLUN

《周易》在西学东渐的文化氛围中被严复视作重要的本土思想资源,严译《天演论》将人性之善恶、生存斗争学说、进化论与易学精神相印证。解读《天演论》文本体现的社会兴衰史观,可从中西文化会通层面分析:就方法而言,严复将易学中逻辑思想与西学中归纳、演绎法结合起来,开启近代中国实证主义之先河;就文化精神而言,严复将易学忧患意识与西方关于社会盛衰史观,交融互释,为晚清社会变革提供学理上的合法性、可能性。严复是有思想的翻译家,中国近代救亡图存是其利用易学诠释西方历史兴衰论的社会语境。

The essay thinks ZHOUYI is an important resource to Yan Fu, discussing the intemal relationship between ZHOUYI and historical views on social rise and fall in the book TIANYANLUN during the last years of the Qing Dynasty. It discusses Yan Fu＇s annotations on ZHOUYI and his revised translation manuscripts, and thinks that there are many differences between T. Huxley and Yan Fu on the theory of social rise and fall.