二氧化碳的高温吸附剂及其吸附过程

Adsorbents and adsorptive process for carbon dioxide at high temperature

分析了CO2对全球气候变化的影响和减排的必要性,介绍了CO2的基本特性和主要分离方法;针对电厂烟道气流量大、温度高的特点,着重比较了用于CO2高温吸附的多种物理吸附剂和化学吸附剂的吸附性能,主要包括活性炭、沸石分子筛、金属氧化物、水滑石类混合物和锂盐化合物;重点讨论了用于高温烟道气中CO2吸附的新型吸附剂Li2ZrO3的吸附性能及影响因素,如CO2吸附速率、反应温度、ZrO2颗粒大小、改性化合物的种类和用量等;认为Li2ZrO3是从高温烟道气中吸附CO2的高效吸附剂;强调了吸附过程与分离过程的综合考虑是减排CO2未来的重点研究方向。

The influences of CO2 on global climate change and the necessity of CO2 sequestration are reviewed, and the main approaches to CO2 separation and sequestration are introduced. For the flue gas from coal-burners, the adsorptive properties of physical and chemical adsorbent materials including carbon-based adsorbent, zeolite, metal oxide adsorbent, hydrotalcite-like compounds and lithium compounds for CO2 adsorption at a high temperature are compared in this review. Adsorption properties of the novel adsorbent Lithium zirconate （Li2ZrO3）, one of the most promising materials for the sequestration and separation of CO2 from flue gas at a high temperature are critically discussed. The influence factors include CO2 sorption rate, reaction temperature, zirconia particle size, the variety and quantity of the doped compound, optimum conditions for synthesis of lithium zirconate by the solid state reaction etc. The promising and significant research areas in the future are presented.