关于明代徽州海商作用的经济学诠释

The Economy Annotation On the Effect of Huizhou Marine Merchants of Ming Dynasty

明朝的对外经济政策从官方和民间两个层面上严重阻碍了明朝的对外经济活动,这与当时的国内外经济发展要求严重背离,因而成为海寇滋生泛滥的经济根源。徽州海商正是这一矛盾的产物。从本质上说,徽州海商依然是以追求自由贸易,追逐商业利润为特征的具有资本主义萌芽性质的海商。他们通过大规模的民间海上贸易活动,极大地促进了明朝工商业城市的发展、加快了明朝白银货币化的进程、促使了明朝实施更加开放的对外贸易政策、推动了世界经济体系的建立,从而在客观上为明代商品经济和世界贸易的发展作出了贡献。

The influence and effect of Huizhou marine merchants of Ming Dynasty is an issue about which the historical science circles have been arguing. The author thinks the economic opening-up policy of Ming Dynasty hindered the economic opening-up activities seriously. It departed from the economic development demands at home and abroad seriously, so it has been the economic source of marine pirates＇ creation and overflow. Huizhou marine merchants are the products of this contradiction. In essence, Huizhou marine merchants were merchants with the thoughts of capitalism germination and the appearance of pursuing free trades and seeking commercial profits. They brought about a great advance in industry and commerce of Ming Dynasty, promoted the exchanging through silver, the openness of Ming Dynasty＇s foreign trade policy and the growth of the world economy system on a large scale of nongovernment overseas trades. So Huizhou marine merchants have made great contribution to the commodity economy of Ming Dynasty and development of world trade objectively.