云南省大豆地方种质资源遗传多样性的初步分析

Preliminary analysis of genetic diversity of local soybean germplasm in Yunnan

以云南省地州和县为单位对582份云南大豆地方种质资源的12个主要性状进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：①云南省大豆地方种质资源的多样性不仅在地州间存在明显差异，而且县区间的多样性差异也较大，其中地州间的多样性以滇西南的临沧、思茅、滇西的大理和滇南的红河为富集地，其多样性指数在1．2631～1．3302；而迪庆、文山和昆明等地的多样性较贫乏，多样性指数在0．4043～1．1284。县区间的多样性指数范围在0．0000-1．2884，多样性最丰富的县是镇康、丽江、墨江等县；而通海、个旧和丘北等县的多样性较贫乏。②12个主要性状的多样性则以株高（2．1629）、蛋白质含量（2．0832）和百粒重（2．0787）等5个数量性状的多样性指数较大，生长习性（0．3622）、茸毛色（0．5412）和花色（0．7151）等性状的多样性指数较小。研究表明云南省大豆地万种质资源的变异较大，遗传较丰富。

Based on prefecture and county levels, Genetic diversity among 582 soybean accessions from Yunnan was analyzed using 12 main phenotyp- ic characters.The result showed that： （i） genetic diversity of local soybean germplasm existed and there was significant difference not only between prefectures but also counties, at the prefectural level, there was abundant diversity in Lincang, Simac and Dali, and the diversity index varied from 1. 2631 to 1.3302; however, diversity in Diqing, Wenshang and Kunming varied from 0. 4043 to 1. 1284. at the county level, diversity index ranged from 0 to 1.2884, the greatest diversity was found in Zhengkan, Lijiang and Mojiang counties ; on the contrary, diversity in Tonghai, Gejiu and Qiubei counties was low. （ii）Extensive genetic variability was found for plant height（2.1629） ,protein content（2.0822）, 100-seed weight（2.0787） ,where a little variability was found for growth habit （0.3622）, Pubesence （0.5412） and flower color（0.7151 ）. The research indicated that there was abundant genetic diversity and large variation of local soybean germplasm in Yunnan.