动压下组分结构变化与乳化炸药减敏关系研究

Relationship Between Structure Changes and Desensitization of Emulsion Explosives Under Dynamic Pressure

乳化炸药由乳化基质和敏化载体构成,采用水下爆炸测试方法对乳化基质在动压作用下的结构变化进行了实验研究,并对受压前后的乳化基质进行了显微观测。结果表明,敏化载体破坏和乳化基质微观结构发生变化是造成乳化炸药减敏的原因,其中敏化载体破坏是造成减敏的主要原因。对三种不同方式敏化的乳化炸药的抗压性能进行了测试,结果表明,玻璃微球敏化的乳化炸药最好,化学发泡敏化的次之,膨胀珍珠岩敏化的最差,三者的临界减敏压力分别为134.66 MPa,99.83 MPa和27.13 MPa。

The emulsion base pressed by dynamic pressure was studied, and the micro-photography was used to explore the microstructure changes of emulsion base. The results show that the destruction of the sensitizing carriers and the microstructure changes of the emulsion explosives are the reasons of the desensitization ,and the destruction of the sensitizing carriers is the main reason. The explosion behaviors of three kinds of emulsion explosives pressed by dynamic pressure were studied. The results show that the anti-pressing property of emulsion explosive sensitized by glass micro-balloon is the best,sensitized by chemical bubbles is the better and sensitized by expanded perlite is the worst. The critical desensitization pressures of the three kinds of emulsion explosives are 134.66 MPa,99.83 MPa and 27.13 MPa,respectively.