生化战剂除剂方法

Evaluation of Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents Destruction

综述了生化战剂除剂的几种方法,常规方法包括焚烧、等离子体高温分解、氢解、超临界水氧化、超热漂白等高温除剂方法和水解、氨解、电化学氧化、溶剂化电子技术、非水溶剂取代、光化学氧化等低温除剂方法.从实战出发可以采用高温燃烧弹、微乳液等方法,若需有效摧毁地下深埋的生化武器,可采用核除剂的方法,即利用低当量核爆炸产生的高温、高压和强辐射等效应原位摧毁生化战剂,其附带毁伤效应要比常规除剂方法小得多.

Several destruction methods of chemical and biological warfare agents are summarized, high-temperature destruction of Chemical Agent conventionally including incineration, plasma pyrolysis, hydrogenolysis, supercritical water oxidation, supertropical Bleach and Low-temperature decontamination of chemical agent involving hydrolysis, reaction using amines, electrochemical oxidation, solvated electron technology, photochemistry oxidation, non-aqueous substitution et al. In actual combat, high-temperature incendiary, SNL foam may be employed. To neutralize deep-buried chemical and biological weapon, nuclear agent-defeat method might be adopted, low-yield nuclear explosion will bring high-temperature,high pressure and strong radiation, with these effects chemical and biological warfare agents may be effectively destroyed in situ, the casualties from these effects would be fewer than those from the dispersal of large quantities of bioagents.