聚合酶链反应－单链构象多态性－银染方法检测肺癌患者支气管活检标本的p53基因突变

DETECTIONOFp53GENEMUTATIONINBRONCHIALBIOPSYSAMPLESFROMLUNGCAN┐CERPATIENTSWITHPOLYMERASECHAINREACTION┐SINGLESTRANDCONFORMATIONPOLYMORPHISM┐SILVERSTAININGMETHOD

为了从基因水平进行肺癌诊断，我们用聚合酶链反应－单链构象多态性－银染方法，检测了肺癌患者支气管活检标本的ｐ５３基因突变。２５例病理诊断为肺癌的标本中检出了１５例ｐ５３基因外显子６、７和８的突变，阳性率为６０％。其中１０例小细胞肺癌检出了７例突变，１５例非小细胞肺癌检出了８例突变。这些与国外从手术肺癌标本用测序方法检测的ｐ５３基因突变率相符。临床资料分析认为，ｐ５３基因突变与年龄、性别。

Inordertodiagnoselungcanceratgenelevel,bronchialbiopsyspecimensfromlungcancerpatients,whowerediagnosedbypathologicmethodusingbiopsyspecimensfromthesamesite,wereusedfordetectionofp53genemutationbypolymerasechainreaction(PCR)-singlestrandconfor-mationpolymorphism(SSCP)-silverstainingmethod.15ofthe25(60%)specimenswerefoundtobepositive.In10smalcellungcancerspecimens,7werepositive;in15non-smalcellungcancerspeci-mens,8werepositive.Theseresultscoincidedwiththoseofotherreportsusingsurgicalspecimensandsequencingmethod.ClinicalanalysisshowednocorrelationbetweenSSCPpositivityandthepatients′clinicaldatasuchasage,sex,smokinghabit,stageoftumoratthetimeofdiagnosis.Itisconcludedthatasmalpieceofbronchialbiopsyspecimencouldbeusedtodetectp53genemutationinsteadofsur-gicalspecimensandthismethodmightbeusedasanadjuncttocancerscreeningorforagenediagnosispriortogenetherapy.Incomparisonwiththeroutineradionuclidelabeledmethod,silverstainingmethodhastheadvantageofbeingsimple,quick,economic,safeandconvenientforclinicaluse.