超个人心理学的人性研究及其启示

The Inspire of Transpersonal Psychology's Study about Humanity

从构造主义、行为主义到精神分析,主流心理学在理解人的高级心理现象时,显得贫乏和无力,面对现代人道德迷失、生命失重,主流心理学难以回答。在人本主义心理学基础上发展起来的超个人心理学,超出了人本主义以自我为中心对人性的狭隘理解,把对人性的理解带到一种宏大的范围,弥补和校正了传统心理学之不足,并整合了其有价值的东西。使得被主流心理学所抛弃的,但对个人的发展至关重要的信念和价值观,又重新受到了心理学的关注。笔者通过对主流心理学、超个人心理学研究的反思,得出如下启示:(1)心理学对人性研究和理解应遵循下列模式:最消极的一面-消极的一面-中性的一面-健康高级的一面-超个人的一面(最健康高级的一面),(2)心理学对人性的研究应融合东西方人性观。(3)超个人心理学忽视了人性中恶的一面,属于理想主义人性观。

From structuralism, behaviorism to psychoanalysis, main-stream psychology appears so powerless and inadequate in understanding higher psychiatry phenomena. When facing moral bankrupt and life weightlessness, main-stream psychology can＇t answer this question. Transpersonal psychology that based on the humanistic psychology changes the inadequate explanation about humanity of humanistic psychology and makes us know more about humanity in broad context. It makes up and justifies the deficiency of main- stream psychology and integrates the valuable thing of main-stream psychology, making the very important faith and value to human development that be abandoned by main-stream psychology, won recognition from psychology once more, arriving at a conclusion that the complete study about humanity should follow this pattern： the worst about humanity-worse about humanity-neutrality about humanity-better about humanity- the best about humanity（transpersonal psychology）, integrating the views of humanity of east and west. Transpersonal psychology ignores the sickness of humanity, and belongs to ideal view of humanity.