精神分裂症高危人群认知功能研究

A Study of Cognitive Functions in People at High Risk for Schizophrenia

目的探讨精神分裂症高危人群认知功能的特点。方法选用14项神经心理测验对222例精神分裂症高危个体及331名正常对照个体进行认知功能的评定与比较。结果在知识总分、算术总分、数字符号总分、木块拼图总分、即刻逻辑记忆分、延迟逻辑记忆分、即刻视觉记忆A分、即刻视觉记忆B分、言语流畅正确数、Hanoi塔计划时间、Hanoi塔执行时间、Hanoi塔总分、WCST分类数、WCST持续错误数和CPT反应时上,精神分裂症高危组的成绩明显差于正常对照组(P<0.01);高危组在连线测验A完成时间上长于正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症高危人群存在广泛的认知功能损害。精神分裂症高危人群所具有的持续注意和执行功能障碍,可考虑作为精神分裂症的“内表型”指标。

Objective To investigate the cognitive functions in people at high risk for schizophrenia. Methods Two hundred and twenty-two people at high risk for schizophrenia and 331 normal controls were assessed with 14 neuropsychological tests. Results The results of some neuropsychological tests in people at high risk for schizophrenia were worse than those in the normal controls. These tests included information, arithmetic, digital symbol, block design, logical memory, visual memory, Stroop test, verbal fluency, tower of Hanoi, WCST and CPT （P〈0.01）. The time for trail making test A in was longer in the group at high risk for schizophrenia than in the control group （P〈0.05） . Conclusion People at high risk for schizophrenia have general cognitive deficits. Attention and executive function may represent the genetic endophenotype for schizophrenia.