论康德道德世界观的基本特征及其困境

The Basic Feature of Kant's Moral World Outlook and its Difficulties

康德在对人类理性能力的分析过程中,主张把科学思维方式限制在现象领域之内,认为形而上学唯有作为伦理学才是可能的。正是在这种意义上,我们把康德的形而上学思想称为“道德世界观”。然而康德对道德领域的探究采取的却是一种分析、分解的逻辑架构之路,所以使得他的道德哲学在终极的意义上只能是一种外在超越型的他律道德。这样一来,他也只好通过审美判断来沟通“两界”以达到“物自体”了。

hen Kant analyses mankind rational ability, he insists that scientific thinking mode should be restricted to the phenomenon realm. According to him, it is possible only when metaphysics is regarded as ethics. On this kind of meaning, we call Kant＇s metaphysics ＂the moral world outlook＂. However, Kant researches moral realm by a kind of analytical and logic way, so his moral philosophy is only a type of hetemnomy morals. Eventually, only by aesthetic judgment can Kant communicate ＂two boundaries＂ and attain ＂thing in itself＂.