酶联免疫吸附试验检测抗耳蜗及蜗神经组织相关抗体的应用

ClinicalapplicationofEnzymelinkedimmunosorbentassayintestingantibodiesagainstcochleartis┐suesandcochlearnervetisues

自制牛耳蜗抗原（ＣＣＡｇ）及牛蜗神经抗原（ＣＣＮＡｇ）采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）对５２例（８９侧）不明原因感音神经性聋患者及对照组２０例无耳疾和免疫性疾病的患者进行了检测，结果抗ＣＣＡｇ抗体水平对照组为０．３８１１±０．０７４３，（吸光度Ａ值，ｘ±ｓ，下同），实验组为０．９４２１±０．２４０８，两组差异有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１），以对照组抗ＣＣＡｇ抗体Ａ值的ｘ＋２ｓ判断，实验组２４例抗ＣＣＡＧ抗体阳性，阳性率为４６％。抗ＣＣＮＡｇ抗体水平对照组为０．２２５４±０．０３８２，实验组为０．２３３１±０．０６５６，两组差异无显著性，以ｘ＋２ｓ判断，实验组６例抗ＣＣＮＡｇ抗体阳性，阳性率为１１．５％。认为ＥＬＩＳＡ检测法程序简便，可动态观察患者抗体水平，并能定量分析，配合免疫组织化学方法或免疫转印法可用于内耳自身免疫病的诊断。用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测到抗ＣＣＮＡｇ抗体，证实了国内外学者的推断，即内耳自身免疫病存在蜗后起源的可能性。

Fifty-twopatientswithidiopathicsensorineuralhearinglossand20controlswereexaminedbyenzymelinkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)withcowcochlearantigen(CCAg)andcowcochlearnerveantigen(CCNAg).TheantibodylevelanainstCCAgwas0.3811±0.0743inthecontrolgroupand0.9421±0.2408intheexperimentalgroup(OD,x±2s,P<0.01).Comparedwiththex±2santibodylevelofthecontrolgroup,theantibodylevelof24of52(46%)patientsoftheexperimentalgroupwaspositive.TheantibodylevelagainstCCNAgwas0.2254±0.0382inthecontrolgroupand0.2331±0.0656intheexperimentalgroup(P>0.05).Comparedwiththex±2santibodylevelofthecontrolgroup,theantibodylevelof6of52patients(11.5%)oftheexperimen-talgroupwaselevated.ItissuggestedthatELISAmethodcanbeusedasquantitativelyinthediag-nosisofautoimmuneinnereardiseases.Moreover,theserumantibodiesagainstCCNAgdetectedinthisexperimentsuggestthatsomeofautoimmuneinnerdiseasesmightberetrocochlear.