浙江省嘉兴市血吸虫病传播阻断后病情监测分析

Surveillance on the endemic of schistosomiasis post transmission interruption in Jiaxing Prefecture

目的通过对血吸虫病普查人群、晚期血吸虫病(简称晚血)及切脾后和脾肿大等患者的病情监测分析,寻求更有效的监测方法及防治对策。方法对受检者包括外来人员及14岁以下儿童进行病史询问、体检以及其他实验室和超声显像等检测,包括血清免疫学、肝纤维化和肝炎系列等生化项目。结果 8年来,对上述621 431人(次)作了血清免疫学检测,其中有7 595人作了粪孵检查,检出外来输入性血吸虫病患者2例,分别来自安徽省和江苏省。当地未发现新感染患者。全地区晚血患者由1995年底的1 524例下降至2002年底的906例,下降率为40 .6 %。结论血吸虫病阻断地区为达到及时诊断与治疗,杜绝和减少晚血的发生发展,不能放松对疫情的监测,尤其是对外来流动人员的监测,健全医疗卫生单位的报病建卡制度,对切脾后和脾肿大患者仍须定期复查,随访。

Objective A survdUance system was executed to monitor the endemic of post trarksmission intermption of schistosoniasis japonica thus to find more effective strategy for prevention and treatment of the disease. Methods Suspected patients and high-risk groups（e, g. so called ＇mobile population and children under 14 years of age） were screened for Schistosorna japonicum using serological tests. Those with tositive serological results were subjected to faecal examination and if S. japonicum eggs were found, praziquantd was given and the patients were followed up by regular reexamination. Patients with advanced schistosomiasis japonica were periodically followed-up. Results From 1995 to 2002, among 7 595 cases of faecal examination, only 2 S. japamicum infected patients were detected, in which one came from Anhui Province and another from Jiangsu Province, but none of new infection occurred among local residents. The number of patients with advanced schistosomiasis japonica decreased from 1 524 in 1995 to 906 by the end of 2002, the reduction rate was 40.6 %. Conclusion The surveillance system in Zhejiang Province is effective for monitoring the endemic situation of schistosomiasis. Schistosomiasis post transmission intermption still continues to weigh on the medical resources. Hence, it is recommended to strengthen the surveillance in the years to come.