论三江平原地区涝渍灾害与地上地下排水

Discussion on Water-logging Disaster above and under Ground Drainage in Area of Sanjiang Plain

黑龙江省三江平原地区易涝易渍（包括盐渍）耕地较多。涝渍是个连续过程，其对作物产量影响是与受淹时间和受渍时间呈密切二元一次方程相关关系。渍害严重影响了耕作（尤其机械化耕作）和农田生态。该区耕地雨后地表残存积水多（比3—5年一遇日降雨径流量还大，既呈涝灾又加重渍害），而不能地上排水。为此，根据三江平原地区地上排水导致渍害得不到治理和涝灾依然严重存在的现状，应特别重视地下排水（包括井灌井排）与地上排水相结合，加强地表残存积水及其治理研究，才能根治涝渍，并尽快把地下排水提到涝渍统一治理的日程上。

Many farming lands are water logging and salinizing in area of Sanjiang Plain of Heilongjiang Province. Disaster is the integrative result of water-logging and salinization because they are a continuous process. The effect to crop yield caused by them nearly correlates with inundated and salinization time according to first-degree in two variable equations. Water-logging harm also badly affects farming （especially mechanization farming） and agro-ecology. After rains the surface of farming lands in this area remains much water what leads water-logging and aggravates salinization for no ground drainage. Therefore it is worthy to think about governing them apart and draining ground only. So we should make account of the combination of under ground drainage （including well irrigation and drainage） and ground drainage to effect a radical cure of water-logging, for not governing salinization leaded by ground drainage and the state of serious water-logging. We should strengthen the study of remaining water on surface and put the under ground drainage on the order of the uniform governance＇s day.