三峡库区坡地梨-旱稻农业模式生态经济分析

Eco-economic Analysis of Pear Tree——Upland Rice System on Sloping Land in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China

运用生态经济学原理对三峡库区坡地新建梨-旱稻复合系统的生态效益和经济效益进行了研究。结果表明:与清耕梨园相比,梨园间作旱稻并秸秆还田后,有良好的水土保持作用和改土培肥效果,同时能有效控制田间杂草,减少梨园病虫害的发生,消减非点源N污染负荷60.19 kg/hm2,非点源P污染负荷8.0kg/hm2。与单一系统相比,复合系统提高土地利用率44%,能量经济系数上升2%。研究结果表明:梨-旱稻复合系统是一种具有良好生态效益的高效种植模式,值得在库区大力推广。

Ecological economic principles were applied to study the economic and ecological effects of the newly introduced and built pear tree-upland rice system on sloping land in Three Gorges reservoir area in this paper. Compared with the pear mono-cropping system, the experiment result from the newly designed pear tree-upland rice system indicated that： （1）This system improved soil fertility, reduced soil and water losses and decreased the soil erosion.（2） Weed and pest can be significantly controlled in the system so that the application of herbicide and pesticide can be reduced, resulting in 60.19 kg N/hm^2 and 8.0 kg P/hm^2 of non-point source pollution load decrease.（3）It could notably utilize Iocul natural resources with the land utilization efficiency increasing by 44%and the energy economic index enhancing by 2%. The results showed that pear tree-upland rice system is a high-efflcient intereropping system with good ecological and economic benefits for farmers and has a prosperity in Three Gorges reservoir area of China.