儿童多发性硬化的临床特点

Clinical Characteristics of Children with Multiple Sclerosis

目的 探讨儿童多发性硬化（MS）的临床特点.方法 对15例儿童MS患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 15例患者中男4例,女11例,发病年龄4～13岁,急性或亚急性起病10例,视力下降12例,肢体瘫痪11例,共济失调、智力下降、语言障碍、感觉障碍各3例,复视、尿便障碍各2例,癫痫发作1例.视觉诱发电位异常13例,听觉诱发电位异常8例,15例磁共振（MRI）检查均有2处以上的病灶,经激素治疗均有不同程度的缓解.结论 儿童MS以女性多见,临床表现多样,以视力下降、肢体瘫痪常见;诱发电位和MRI检查可发现亚临床病灶,有助于早期诊断;急性发作期激素有较好疗效.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of children with multiple sclerosis （MS）. Methods Clinical data of 15 children with MS were analysed retrospectively. Results There are 4 males and 11 females among 15 cases. The age of onset ranged from 4 to 13 years old. 10 cases had acute or subacute course. Symptoms includes visual deterioration in 12 cases, limbs weakness in 11 cases, ataxia, mental impairment, alalia and paresthesia in 3 cases, diplopia, urinary dysfunction in 2 cases and seizures in 1 case. There are 13 cases with abnormal visual evoked potential and 8 cases with abnormal brain - stem auditory evoked potentials. All the patients had abnormal magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） presentations. The symptoms had gradually remitted after the treatment of corticosteroids. Conclusion Chinese children with MS occured more in female. Visual deterioration and limbs weakness are most common symptoms. Evoked potential and MRI detection is benefit to find subclinical lesions. Treatment of corticosteroids is effective for children MS in acute period.