《德意志意识形态》中的异化思想评介

The Comment on the Idea of Alienation in German Ideology

在《德意志意识形态》中,马克思、恩格斯以较少的异化词汇阐述着最明确的异化思想。异化本质上是社会现象而非自然现象,是经验条件中现实个人社会本质的表现。《德意志意识形态》的异化思想与《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的异化思想具有内在、明晰、严谨的逻辑关联性。马克思、恩格斯在科学揭示历史发展的经验现实的基础上,借助于异化,实现了对现实的反思和批判以及对历史进程的科学描绘,真正实现了历史尺度与价值尺度的统一。马克思、恩格斯在《德意志意识形态》中,从形而上的层面向人们展示了人类历史演进的内在机制,是强式的哲学话语论证但缺乏经济学的理论支撑,只是到了《资本论》时期,唯物主义历史观才不是假设,而是科学地证明了的原理。

In the German Ideology, Marx and Engels clarify the most precise idea of alienation in the fewest words. Alienation is not a phenomenon of nature, but of society, and it is the most essential manifestation of the practical individual and society under the condition of experience. From The Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844 to The German Ideology, the internally logic correlation of alienation is clear and strict. In The German Ideology, the idea of alienation by Marx has assumed unique historical status and theoretical value. Marx and Engels present to human beings the evolving system of human history on the metaphysical theoretical plane, which owns the powerful philosophical discourse, but is lack of the theoretical basis of economics. Only until the period of the appearance of On Capital is historical materialism no longer a supposition, but a principle demonstrated scientifically, and subsequendy.