神农架北坡堵河源自然保护区植物多样性研究

Study on Plant Diversity of Duheyuan Nature Reserve on the Northern Slope of Mt.Shennongjia,Hubei,China

为建立自然保护区,保护神农架北坡堵河源地区丰富的生物多样性资源,并为神农架地区植物起源、植被演替以及生物多样性和濒危物种状况深入、准确评价提供基础数据,2002年,采用路线调查与标准地调查相结合的方法,结合历史资料,对堵河源地区的野生植物资源进行了实地野外调查研究,分析了植物区系和植物多样性及其受威胁状况。结果表明:(1)该保护区具有丰富的植物物种多样性,有维管束植物174科730属1733种(含亚种、变种),其中,国家重点保护野生植物有23种;(2)该区植物区系成分具有复杂性、多样性,拥有中国种子植物分布区类型属级水平的全部类型,但明显偏重于温带性质。且植物区系起源古老,有中国特有分布属37个,其中,古特有属27个;(3)该区具有丰富的植被类型,包括4个植被型组,8个植被型,26个群系,具有较高的保护和科研价值。同时针对保护区植物多样性受威胁状况,提出了植被恢复、加强防火设备设施建设、生态移民、保护珍稀濒危植物及社区共管是保护植物多样性的有效措施。

To establish nature reserve for conserving the abundant biodiversity in Duheyuan region of Northern slope of Shennongjia and to provide basic data for evaluating plant origin, vegetation succession, biodiversity and endangered species status in Shennongjia region, based on historical data and field survey,wildlife resourses in Duheyuan region are researched, and floristic elements, plant diversity and its threated situation are analysed in 2002. The results show that： （ 1 ） The vascular plants consist of 1 733 species （including subspecies and varieties） which belong to 730 genus and 174 families in Duheyuan nature reserve; （2） The flora compositin is complicated and various in the region. Tropical genera account for 31.02% of total genera,whereas temperate genera represent 63.27% ,which reveal the flora is temperate. There are 37 Chinese endemic genus including 27 ancient endemic genus, indicating that the flora is old; （3） There are 23 forms which belong to four groups of vegetational type and eight vegetational types in this region. According to the threatened situation, effective measures including vegetation-restoration,eco-emigration, the rare and endangered species conservation and community co-management for plant diversity conservation are suggested for Duheyuan Nature Reserve.