中等专业学校学生性知识、性观念、性心理和性行为的认知现状:6 238份问卷调查

Recognition about sexual knowledge, attitude, psychology and behaviors in students of vocational schools: A survey of 6 238 questionnaires

目的:了解中等专业学校学生对性知识、性态度、性心理、性行为的认知现况,为性健康教育提供理论支持。方法:于2004-09/2005-12采用分层整体随机抽样方式,选择泸州医学院附属卫生学校、泸州市卫生学校、泸州化工学校、泸州财经学校的在校学生6238人为调查对象。使用课题组自行设计的调查问卷,对学生进行性知识、性观念、性心理和性行为调查。问卷内容包括:①获取性知识的途径。②掌握性知识情况。③对性与道德相互关系的看法。④对性的自我评价。⑤对手淫的看法。⑥对婚前同居和试婚的态度。由学生按问卷内容自行填写,要求实事求是、匿名且不公开填写内容。并将调查结果用SPSS11.5软件处理。结果:发放调查问卷6238份,全部收回且合格,有效率100%。①64.76%学生的性知识主要来自网络、影视和书本;男学生通过父母教育和朋友交流获取性知识的比例大于女学生;女学生通过网络、影视、书本、学校教育、自己摸索等方面获取性知识的比例大于男学生。②对学生性知识的测试情况令人满意:男学生对有关男性方面的性知识掌握较好;女学生对有关女性方面的性知识掌握较好,两者在掌握有关男女性知识方面有差异。③59.07%的学生对谈论与性有关的问题感兴趣;男学生更愿意参与讨论、并认为可以公开讨论。④53.70%的学生认为对性的态度可以反映一个人的道德水平。女学生尤其认同。⑤25.41%的学生认为手淫是对性要求的一种补足,男学生认同手淫是正常的自慰行为,女学生更多的认为手淫是不文明、无耻的行为;58.46%的学生认为自己在性生理、性心理或从社会意义上讲已完全成熟。⑥70.84%的学生坚决反对婚前同居、试婚,女学生反对的比例高于男学生。⑦22.09%的学生渴望体验性生活,男学生的比例远远高于女学生;22.30%的男学生和16.79%的女学生渴望结婚。结论:中等专业学校学生能够通过多种途径获取性知识,并掌握较好。大多数中等专业学校学生性心理、性生理已完全成熟,亦有少部分缺乏正确的认识,应加强科学系统的性健康教育。

AIM： To study the recognition of students in middle vocational school on knowledge, attitudes, psychology and behaviors of sex, so as to provide theoretical supporting for education of sex health. METHODS： 6 238 students between September 2004 and December 2005 were selected according to the method of stratified cluster randomization from the Health School Affiliated to Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou Municipal Health School, Luzhou School of Chemical Engineering as well as Luzhou School of Economy. A self-designed questionnaire was adopted to investigate the knowledge, views, psychology and behaviors of sex in students. The contents of questionnaires were：①Way of obtaining sexual knowledge. ②Knowledge about sex. ③Opinions on correlation between sex and morality.④Self-assessment of sex.⑤Viewpoint about masturbation. ⑥Attitude towards cohabitation and trial marriage before marriage. The questionnaires were filled by students according to the troth and anonymously. The. results of survey were analyzed with SPSS 11.5 software. RESULTS： A total of 6238 questionnaires were sent out, which were qualified and retrieved with the effective rate of 100%. ①64.76% of students got sexual knowledge mainly from net, TV, movie and books. Male students got more sexual knowledge from parents and friends than female students, while female students obtained it from net, TV, movie, books, school education and self-exploration etc., which were more than male students. ②The result of test on sexual knowledge of students was satisfying, and male students mastered sexual knowledge about men well and female students mastered sexual knowledge about women well. There were differences in sexual knowledge mastered by males and females. ③59.07% of students were interested in talking about sex, and male students were more willing to discuss it, who thought it could be discussed publicly④53.7% of students thought that the morality could be reflected by the attitudes towards sex, which was the same in female students. ⑤25.41% of students thought that masturbation was a supplementary of sex, and male students thought it was a normal behavior of masturbation , while most female students thought it was uncivilized and disgraceful. 58.46% of students felt they were mature in sex from psychological, physiological and social aspects.⑥70.84% of students completely objected co-habitation or trial marriage before getting married, and the number in females was higher than in males.⑦22.09% of students wanted to try the sexual intercourse, the ratio of which was higher in males than in females. 22.30% of male students and 16.79% of female students wanted to get married. CONCLUSION： Middle vocational students can got sexual knowledge from many ways and master well. Most of them are mature psychologically and physiologically, while some lack correct recognition. Therefore, education about sex health should be reinforced scientifically and systematically.