采用NEO-PI-R对不同类型精神障碍患者人格特征的对照研究

A controlled study of personality characteristics of mental disorders by NEO-PI-R

目的研究精神障碍患者在人格维度、人格特质水平及人格模型方面的特征。方法采用NEO-PI-R个性调查表对376例患者及368例正常人进行测试。结果精神障碍患者在NEO-PI-R的五因素人格模型的N神经质、E外向性、C严谨性维度及多个特质层面上与正常组之间存在显著性差异(P<0.001);另外,精神障碍组中精神分裂症、抑郁障碍、神经症、阿片依赖组之间在NEO-PI-R的N神经质、E外向性、C严谨性维度及多个特质层面上也有显著性差异((P<0.001)。结论精神障碍患者病前存在一定的人格缺陷,不同类型精神疾病患者人格特征既存在差异,也有共同之处。

Objective To explore the personality characters of patients with mental disorders and to determine the differences of dimension, trait level and model of personality between patients and normal subjects. Methods The patients with mental disorders （n = 376） and normal subjects （n = 368） were assessed with revised NEO personality inventory（NEO-PI-R）. Results The mean scores of extroversion（E） and conscientiousness（C） of five-factor personality model of NEO-PI-R in patients were significant lower than those in normal group （P〈0. 001）; and the mean score of neuroticism（N） of five-factor personality model of NEO-PI-R of neuroses was significantly higher than that of normal groups（P〈0. 001）. There was a significant difference in thirty traits personality model and trait level between patients and normal subjects （P〈0. 001, or P〈0.05）. In addition, among different patients such as schizophrenias, depressive disorders, neuroses and mental disorders due to use of opioids, there were significant differences on extraversion （E）, neuroticism （N） and conscientiousness （C） of five-factor personality model of NEO-PI-R and thirty traits personality model and trait level（P〈0. 001）. Conclusion The paper shows that there are differences in dimension, trait level and model of personality between patients and normal subjects. Although there are some differences in personality characters of patients with mental disorders, there are also something in common.