翼腭间隙的矢、冠状断层解剖及临床意义

Sagittal and coronal sectional anatomy and clinical significance of the pterygopalatine space

目的为翼腭间隙疾病的影像诊断提供解剖学资料。方法选用成尸头颈部40例制成连续矢、冠状断面,观察翼腭间隙及其结构的解剖学关系,利用游标卡尺及求积仪分别测量其径线和面积。结果翼腭间隙呈漏斗状或四边形,经翼窝和眶下裂层面的面积分别为(78.6±4.22)mm2(左)、(79.1±4.60)mm2(右),(244.0±5.18)mm2(左)、(248.6±5.64)mm2(右),两侧翼腭间隙及其结构呈对称性,径线和面积均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。矢状断面能较好显示翼腭管、腭大管及腭小管的连续性,冠状断面利于观察翼腭间隙顶壁、圆孔、眶下裂、翼管及其与蝶窦的关系。结论翼腭间隙的矢、冠状断层解剖对疾病的影像诊断具有重要意义。

Objective To provide anatomical data for imaging diagnosis of the pterygopalafine space diseases. Methods Forty headneck of adult corpses were selected and cut into sagittal and coronal sequence section respectively. Pterygopalatine space and its structures were observed and measured in the diameter and area with vernier caliper and planimeter. Results The shape of the pterygnpalatine space was similar funnel-shaped or quadrilateral. At pterygoid fossa and inferior orbital fissure level, it was 78.6±4.22 mm^2 （left） and 79.1±4.60 mm^2 （right）, 244.0±5.18 mm^2 （left） and 248.6±5.64 mm^2 （right） in area of the pterygopalatine space respectively. Pterygopalatine space and its structures were symmetrical of both sides, there were no significant difference in the diameter and area（P〉0.05）. It was better to show succession of the pterygnpalatine canal, greater palatine canal and lesser palatine canal on sagittal section. It was helpful to observe the hanging wall of pterygopalatine space, foramen rotundum, inferior orbital fissure, pterygnid canal and the relationship of pterygnid canal to the sphenoidal sinus. Conclusion Sagittal and coronal sectional anatomy of the pterygnpalation space has an important significance for imaging diagnosis of diseases.